The fertilizer drum dryer is a part of the equipment of the biological organic fertilizer production line. It plays a great role in the granulation rate of organic fertilizer and reduces the time of organic fertilizer granules. Because in the process of the organic fertilizer production line, the fertilizer drum dryer is large drying equipment, which is not convenient to move, and the investment is not a small amount. If a failure occurs, it will affect the work efficiency and cause economic losses to the manufacturer.
In daily production and use, how to maintain the fertilizer drum dryer? Tongda organic fertilizer production line equipment manufacturer summarizes the failures and 15 solutions in the daily production process.
Materials of fertilizer drum dryer
1. The materials of the drum dryer do not meet the specified moisture requirements.
A relatively simple way to solve this situation is to first control the production capacity of the drum dryer equipment, and then increase or reduce the heat supply.
2. The finished material after drying cannot be discharged normally.
The reason for this phenomenon is that the installation of the drum dryer does not meet the specifications, and the air leakage causes low wind pressure. This problem can be said to be both easy and difficult to solve. It is easy because solving this type of fault only requires checking according to the drawings to find the problem: it is difficult because solving this type of problem requires reinstalling the dryer, which consumes a lot of manpower.
3. The dryness and wetness of the finished material after drying are uneven.
This situation usually occurs because the material solidifies into a mass. We must disperse the massed material before drying. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the correct use of the dryer.
The temperature of the fertilizer drum dryer
4. The drum dryer explodes.
There are two reasons for this situation, namely, the material in the drum dryer is blocked or the temperature of the dryer is too high, causing a fire inside the equipment. When the material is blocked, we must immediately stop the machine for cleaning. To prevent this from happening, we need to do a good job of daily maintenance of the equipment. When the temperature of the dryer is too high, we must reduce the fuel supply to reduce the temperature of the equipment to meet the production temperature requirements.
5. The material in the drum dryer catches fire.
This fault should be said to be a more complicated fault. Four reasons can cause this phenomenon.
The first is that the specifications of the drum dryer equipment do not meet the requirements. The equipment is small but the materials to be dried are large. When the temperature is forcibly increased, the materials will catch fire. At this time, we have to change the production capacity of the drying equipment. The second is that there is a problem with the design principle of the drying equipment. It is recommended that the manufacturer replace or modify the drying equipment. The third is that the raw materials cannot be sucked away, causing a fire in the dryer. We must check whether the drying equipment is installed correctly and whether there is air leakage or increased wind pressure. The fourth is improper use of the drying equipment. We must learn the correct use method according to the instruction manual of the dryer.
6. The fuel waste of the drum dryer is serious. This situation generally occurs because the thermal insulation of the material is not good enough. We can add thermal insulation materials to improve this situation. Of course, this situation may also be a design problem, so we must be cautious when choosing drum dryer equipment.
Installation of fertilizer drum dryer
7. The roller ring swings.
This phenomenon occurs because the side of the concave joint of the roller ring is not tightened. The solution is to tighten it slightly, but not too tight. Too tight will easily cause accidents.
8. The gap between the large gear and the small gear of the rotary dryer is destroyed.
There are generally three reasons for this situation. One is that the supporting wheel is worn, the second is that the retaining wheel is worn, and the third is that the small gear is worn. The solution to this situation is to first analyze whether the wear is serious. If it is serious, it must be replaced. If it is not serious, just turn it in. It can also be installed on the reverse side. If you are afraid that it is unstable, you can replace it in pairs.
9. The drum of the rotary dryer equipment vibrates.
There are generally two reasons for this situation. One is that the connection between the supporting wheel device and the base of the equipment is damaged. In this case, it only needs to be corrected and reinforced; the other is that the side of the rolling ring is worn. The solution to this minor fault is to solve it according to its wear. If it is not serious, just turn it in. If it is serious, it must be replaced.
Use of fertilizer rotary drum dryer
10. The chimney of the separator has a discharge situation.
This situation is mostly because the separator is too small. In addition, there may be problems with the design of the separator, and the calculation of the wind pressure of the wind net is wrong. These require us to replace or modify the separator.
11. The wet material cannot meet the production requirements after one drying.
The reasons for this situation are: the drum dryer is too small, the drum dryer is used improperly, and the wind net air pressure and flow calculation are incorrect. If the dryer specifications are not enough, we have to replace the drum dryer; if it is used improperly, we have to refer to the instructions, which we have introduced before. What we want to say is that when the wind net air pressure and flow calculation are incorrect, we must ask the dryer manufacturer to recalculate the wind pressure and flow, and then change it according to the actual situation.
12. The cylinder and the discharge pipe are in direct contact with the gas and are easily burned.
The following measures are currently commonly used:
1) Add a sleeve to the outside of the discharge pipe and cool it with water;
2) To facilitate the replacement of the burned cylinder, the hot section cylinder can be designed as a detachable structure. When the end cylinder needs to be replaced, the adjacent second short cylinder can be removed first, to smoothly withdraw the required first cylinder and reassemble it as required;
3) The hot section of the cylinder adopts a heat-resistant cast iron guard ring with a length of about 1.2-1.5m, which is lined with refractory bricks to extend the life of this part.
Equipment motor failure
13. Failure of the electric vibrator of the rotary dryer.
After screening, the materials such as the raw material bin of the rotary dryer are transferred to the electromagnetic vibration chute. Due to the factors of different materials and moisture, and the high humidity of the airflow from bottom to top in the rotary dryer, the materials will stick to the vibration step plate. As the accumulated materials continue to increase, the load of the electric vibrator becomes larger and larger, which is easy to causes mechanical failure of the motor, especially when drying lead-zinc slag and sulfuric acid slag with high moisture and small particle size, the drying system can hardly operate normally.
The corresponding measures we took are:
1) Increase the inclination angle of the electromagnetic vibration chute;
2) Open 4 5cm×12cm slits on the step plate of the electromagnetic vibration chute (note that the slits of the upper step plate and the lower step plate must be staggered). After the improvement, the accumulation of materials in the vibration chute was eliminated and the load of the electric vibrator was reduced.
Equipment operation failure
14. Rotary dryer current detection operation failure.
First, we have to check the fan and look at the rotary dryer ammeter. Generally, the current of 1#-8# fans is 20-22A, and the current of 9#-28# fans is about 18A. If it is lower than this range, check whether the fan vibrates heavily, or the belt is loose or broken. You can tighten the belt without stopping the fan; stop the fan to replace the belt; or add bearing lubricating oil to make the rotary dryer fan run normally. If the bearing is loose or damaged, make a record and handle it.
15. Rotary dryer sealing ring failure.
The original hot-end sealing structure of many dryers is a cast iron sealing outer ring fixed on the boiling furnace frame, with a built-in “T”-shaped fixed sealing ring and a dynamic sealing flange of the fixed cylinder to form a labyrinth seal.
The common faults are very intuitive: the rotary drum dryer has been running for many years, and the head cylinder is the sealing device. Due to long-term high temperature and temperature changes during start-up and shutdown, the end cylinder of the rotary drum dryer will crack and deform in many places, and the cast iron integral retaining ring in the cylinder will also be broken. The dynamic sealing flange will fall off and bite the “T”-shaped fixed sealing ring, and the external cast iron sealing outer ring will also be squeezed.
Summarize
The above are common faults and solutions for organic fertilizer rotary dryers. Regular inspection and maintenance of equipment can effectively extend its service life and ensure its stable operation.